The command mysqldump

Create a dump of a mysql database as user root.

mysqldump databasename --opt -u root -p > backup.sql

Import a dump of a mysql database as user root.

mysql databasename -u root -p < backup.sql

Create a dump of all mysql databases as user root.

mysqldump --opt --all-databases -u root -p > backup.sql

Import a dump of all mysql databases as user root.

mysql -u root -p < backup.sql

Secure copy of a mysql dump to a remote server with scp.

scp ./backup.sql username@servername:./folder1/